Systems & Society

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Columns on Nigerian institutions, infrastructure, democracy, energy and government.

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8 essays

Economy

Can Tinubu explain why Nigerian cement is cheaper abroad than at home?

DOES President Bola Tinubu know that Alhaji Aliko Dangote says the cement he exports from Nigeria is cheaper than the cement he sells to Nigerians at home? If he does, has anyone in his government satisfactorily explained to him why? We, the people, demand an explanation. These questions have become necessary following disturbing findings by […]

Energy

Projects are not a power system: Is Minister Tegbe confused?

LAST week, I intended to discuss how record-breaking heatwaves are increasing demand for cooling, prompting the International Energy Agency (IEA) to warn of mounting pressure on electricity systems. Nigeria must treat grid restructuring and coordinated distributed energy systems as national priorities for affordable electricity, industrialisation and economic development. The question is: what electricity system should […]

Economy

From oil producer to energy state: What the IEA means for Nigeria

ON July 2, 2026, the Governing Board of the International Energy Agency (IEA) unanimously admitted Nigeria as an Association country, bringing Africa’s most populous nation into the “IEA Family”. The agency described the decision as “a major advance for global energy governance”, expanding a partnership that now represents more than 80 per cent of global […]

Economy

Beyond the Lagos gold refinery: From grievance to regional integration (Part II)

IN Part I of this series, published on February 9, 2026, I posed a simple but uncomfortable question: what would a regionally coordinated mineral value-chain system actually look like under Nigeria’s existing constitutional order? Since then, developments within Nigeria’s solid minerals sector have reinforced those concerns. At the Africa Commodities Conference and Exhibition held in […]

Energy

Nigeria’s power sector “penkelemesi”: Adelabu’s tenure and the next agenda

THE departure of Adebayo Adelabu as Minister of Power presents an opportunity for structural reset in a sector long managed through incremental adjustment rather than deliberate redesign. The word “Penkelemesi”—“peculiar mess”—popularized by Adelabu’s grandfather—aptly describes Nigeria’s power sector. From recurring grid collapses to chronic underperformance, it remains a study in systemic dysfunction. From recommendation to […]